Leonardo de Vinci-""The Universal Genius"

In 1503 he returned to Florence and was commissioned to divert the Arno River in order to force the city of Pisa to surrender. He also vas commissioned to paint a fresco of the "Battle of Anghiari," but the work was interrupted due to his rivalry from the artist, Michelangelo. Also during this time, he attempted to create a flying machine. 3 years later he left Florence for Milan and in 1507 he was appointed painter and engineer at the court of Louis XII in France. It was the following that he painted the renown "Mona Lisa" and also the "Bacchus," the "Leda," and "St. John the Baptist."

He continued his scientific studies and working on hydraulics upon his return to Florence and Milan in 1508 until a patron, Giuliano de Medici, brother of Pope Leo X, invited him to Rome. It was during this tine he pursued his interest in optics and anatomy. In 1516, on the death of de Medici, he moved back to France at the request of King Francis I. He died there on May well 2, 1519, and is buried in the cloister from the Church of St. Florentine in Amboise.

Through the centuries, Leonardo was been surrounded by mystery, as if he have been some sort of prophet from the 20th century born five hundred many years just before his time.

The most famous of Leonardo's paintings also hangs from the Louvre in Paris. This can be the "Mona Lisa," the portrait of Francesco del Giocondo's wife. She had been called one of the most famous jobs of art that ever existed (Danto 148). Painted during the years in the Battle of Anghiari, "Mona Lisa" represents a departure from the Florentine type for Leonardo with her smile, which has mystery and ambiguous psychological depth, and inside background which is a lot more composition geology rather then genuine landscape (Danto 148; Brizio and Brugnoli 44).

His intention was always the same, to see beneath the surface and realize the way points work. Therefore, to be able to depict the human body, he had to see for himself the structure of muscle and bone. So, despite the church's taboo against dissection, he started out anatomical studies of human cadavers leading him to cut to the liver and heart and record his discoveries with masterful illustrations and even proceeding to explore feasible improvements over a organs. "He had no hesitation about stepping more than the line of heresy," says Andrew Robinson with the National Gallery of Art in Washington. "He was definitely engaged in competition with God" (Horn 72; Brizio and Brugnoli 16).

This commercial adoration also has interfered in the cleaning with the painting. It no longer seems the way that Leonardo finished it more than 450 many years ago. Layers of discolored brown varnish, an extensive network of fine cracks and repeated restoration efforts have left their marks. Cleaning it would not be difficult, but she has turn into so sacrosanct, that curators at the Louvre consider it would bring about a scandal (Peterson 152). She is now a prisoner of her unique fame.

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