The Significance of the Industrial Relations Framework

The Shipping Industry The toxic war commit Clemenceau is expected at an Indian ship breaking yard Enlarge Image Notorious Evaders There is a wide range of merchant marine companies from serious-minded, high quality shipping companies to sub-standard operators. It is estimated that sub-standard shipping posters for around 10% of the human beings fleet, which works unwrap to quite a large number of ships. The shipping exertion is global and not very(prenominal) transp bent for an outsider. Current arrangements produce it almost impossible to identify the real owners of vessels. Ships can be registered in one country, while the owner and charterer are ground in another. So they cannot be held accountable for the way they oppose and operate their ships. That is why this industry is so difficult to find out and control. Impossible to Trace All kinds of scenarios are possible which make it very difficult to pin down ship owners and make them take a crap responsibility. Shipowners can sell a ship. And then charter it anchor from the new owner. Or sell it to a nephew. They can name and re give way the ship. An example is vessel X, a general purpose ship built in Poland, 1983. It delivers old refrigerators and cars from Europe to West-Africa. The owner is ground in Romania. nevertheless the registered owner is registered in Panama.

Captain and officers are Russian. And the crew is half Indian, half Philippine. In another scenario, a Dutch comp any(prenominal) charters the ship. It pays the rent to a bank account in Luxembourg. The hull insurance is base in London. But the cargo insurance is Dutch. The management of the ship and the crew is based in Latvia. Flag of comfort station Shipowners have the right to sail their ships down the stairs any flag they chose. A shipowner can register his ships to any national register and not necessarily his own country. He can choose to sail under a flag of a country, which has lax or no regulations. Because of that 43% of the world tonnage is sailing under one of the 29 Flags of Convenience (FOC). FOCs...

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