Zinc Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements

Atomic Number: 30 Symbol: Zn Atomic Weight: 65.39 Discovery: known since prehistoric time Electron Configuration: [Ar] 4s2 3d10 Word Origin: German zinke: of obscure origin, probably German for tine. Zinc metal crystals are sharp and pointed. It could also be attributed to the German word zin meaning tin. Isotopes: There are 30 known isotopes of zinc ranging from Zn-54 to Zn-83 . Zinc has five stable isotopes: Zn-64 (48.63%), Zn-66 (27.90%), Zn-67 (4.10%), Zn-68 (18.75%) and Zn-70 (0.6%). Properties Zinc has a melting point of 419.58Â °C, a boiling point of 907Â °C, a specific gravity of 7.133 (25Â °C), with a valence of 2. Zinc is a lustrous blue-white metal. It is brittle at low temperatures but becomes malleable at 100-150Â °C. It is a fair electrical conductor. Zinc burns in air at high red heat, evolving white clouds of zinc oxide. Uses: Zinc is used to form numerous alloys, including brass, bronze, nickel silver, soft solder, Geman silver, spring brass, and aluminum solder. Zinc is used to make die castings for use in the electrical, automotive, and hardware industries. The alloy Prestal, consisting of 78% zinc and 22% aluminum, is nearly as strong as steel yet exhibits superplasticity. Zinc is used to galvanize other metals to prevent corrosion. Zinc oxide is used in paints, rubbers, cosmetics, plastics, inks, soap, batteries, pharmaceuticals, and many other products. Other zinc compounds are also widely used, such as zinc sulfide (luminous dials and fluorescent lights) and ZrZn2 (ferromagnetic materials). Zinc is an essential element for humans and other animal nutrition. Zinc-deficient animals require 50% more food to gain the same weight as animals with sufficient zinc. Zinc metal is not considered toxic, but if fresh zinc oxide is inhaled it can cause a disorder referred to as zinc chills or oxide shakes. Sources: The primary ores of zinc are sphalerite or blende (zinc sulfide), smithsonite (zinc carbonate), calamine (zinc silicate), and franklinite (zinc, iron, and manganese oxides). An old method of producing zinc was by reducing calamine with charcoal. More recently, it has been obtained by roasting the ores to form zinc oxide and then reducing the oxide with carbon or coal, followed by distillation of the metal. Zinc Physical Data Element Classification: Transition Metal Density (g/cc): 7.133 Melting Point (K): 692.73 Boiling Point (K): 1180 Appearance: Bluish-silver, ductile metal Atomic Radius (pm): 138 Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 9.2 Covalent Radius (pm): 125 Ionic Radius: 74 (2e) Specific Heat (20Â °C J/g mol): 0.388 Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 7.28 Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 114.8 Debye Temperature (K): 234.00 Pauling Negativity Number: 1.65 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 905.8 Oxidation States: 1 and 2. 2 is the most common. Lattice Structure: Hexagonal Lattice Constant (Ã…): 2.660 CAS Registry Number:7440-66-6 Zinc Trivia: Zinc is the 24th most abundant element in the Earths crust.Zinc is the fourth most common metal used today (after iron, aluminum, and copper).Zinc exposed to air will form a layer of zinc carbonate by reacting with carbon dioxide. This layer protects the metal from further reactions with air or water.Zinc burns white-green in a flame test.Zinc is the last period four transition metal.Zinc oxide (ZnO) was once called philosophers wool by alchemists because it looked like wool when collected on a condenser after burning zinc metal.Half of the zinc produced today is used to galvanize steel to prevent corrosion.The U.S. penny is 97.6% zinc. The other 2.4% is copper. Sources Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (18th Ed.) International Atomic Energy Agency ENSDF database (Oct 2010)

The Movie The Aladdin - 880 Words

In the movie Aladdin, it talks about social class. What is a social class? According to Anderson Taylor (2013), â€Å"social class is the social structural position that groups hold relative to the economic, social, political, and cultural resources of society† (p. 174). In this world, there are people who are determined to be the rich. However, there are also people who are born to be the poor. People called the rich, upper class. The poor are called lower class. Furthermore, more people are considered middle class in this society nowadays. Aladdin, this movie introduces that the Princess is no longer white. This story consists of a lamp through a entire storyline. A minister of a king of Sultan, Jafar, in order to gain the powerful spirit inside the lamp, he must find a metaphors uncut diamond. However, a street child, Aladdin, is the selected diamond. Aladdin is a poor boy, and he only makes a living by stealing. He is a famous thief in the city. One day, he comes to the street, and he notices a Prince comes to the town, and the Prince is preparing to propose a marriage to Princess Jasmin. However, the rich Prince is certainly unkind, he is not even a moral gentleman. He says Aladdin is an uneducated vagrant. Aladdin feels angry and sad after hearing these words since he does not feel he is uneducated. Aladdin does not understand that why people just look at a person’s appearance without observing at the connotation of a person. Jasmin, a Princess, who is considered to beShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie A laddin 1553 Words   |  7 Pagesfilm. A major motion film, Aladdin, serves as a perfect example of the famous concept. Not only was this movie based on the crossing of the rich and poor, but it also went as far as emphasizing the status of the royalty lifestyle, versus the peasant lifestyle. For those who are not familiar with Disney’s, Aladdin, the movie features a princess, Jasmine, and a â€Å"street rat, Aladdin. The two characters meet in the town’s marketplace and they create an overfriendly bond. Aladdin is later captured by theRead MoreAladdin Movie Analysis1096 Words   |  5 PagesAladdin Film Essay Everyone in life has a goal or task that they want to accomplish. From working long hard hours on a job, to staying up late trying to finish a project everyone goes through a hard time achieving what they really want. The main characthater in the film â€Å"Aladdin† displayed desire to achieve his goal by going through a challenging and dangerous quest.The main character in the film â€Å"Aladdin† is a young man named Aladdin who is poor with a big goal. He has a sidekick named Abu whoRead MoreThe Simpsons, Family Guy, Aladdin, And All The Scary Movie Movies1127 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many movies, books, and TV shows that make fun of evil. The Simpsons, Family Guy, Aladdin, and all the Scary Movie movies. There are numerous ways in which each makes fun of evil. 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Orientalism is a canonical text of cultural studies where Said has challenged the concept of Orientalism by: the difference between east and west, the start of European colonization the Europeans came in contact with the lesser developedRead MoreDisney ´s Aladdin: Negative Sterotypes of Arabs712 Words   |  3 Pagesus realizes, weather its a popular TV show, movie, comic book, or even a catchy song on the radio. Exploitation of Arabs seems to be a very popular subject in many western pop cultural artifacts. Even when it comes to children’s movies exploitation of eastern cultures often still exist. The children’s Disney movie Aladdin may not be so innocent after all, this movie portrays negative stereotype on Arabs. (Wingfield Karaman, 1995) This children’s movie discriminates Ara bs as violent, poor, and theftsRead MoreAladdin and the Wonderful Lamp1052 Words   |  5 PagesAladdin and the Wonderful Lamp In the novel â€Å"Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp† one can compare the differences of the novel to the movie. There are so many differences between the novel and the movie like for example when in the novel he falls for the princess while spying on her and in the movie it’s a totally different thing because he meets the princess in the street and than he falls for her. So basically the novel and the movie are not similar to each other and their both a lot different. Read MoreGender Communications Final Paper: Disney Aladdin1693 Words   |  7 Pagesreflects on the subject of arranged marriages. While researching on this subject I came across Dr. Alvin Poussint Dr. Henry Giroux who both have views against Disney and there huge power of controlling the minds of our younger generation. In the movie Mickey Mouse Monopoly , Dr. Alvin states â€Å"Children have been raised for generations now on Disney† as our society continues to grow, we evolved in the way(s) we learn, communicate, live, etc. They claim that many Disney movies encapsulate the youngerRead MoreAnalysis Of Orientalism, Criticizes And Confronts The Ideas Of Truth And Representation, By Edward Said1642 Words   |  7 Pagesrepresentation† and â€Å"us vs. them† in the Disney animated movie Aladdin by comparing how the characters Jafar and Aladdin are represented in terms of appearance, personal values, and their use of power granted by the genie; and examining how these representations could be interpreted as truth through the eyes of viewers. Methods A content analysis of the Disney movie Aladdin released in 1992 by Walt Disney Pictures was the primary focus of my research. 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The movie is based off of a young thief whom seeks a better life in Agrhaba, a city that very much resembles those of Arab countries. Aladdin ironically was being produced â€Å"during the 1991 Gulf War under the Bush administration. The war lasted six months. It was conflict between Iraq and 34 countries in the U.N., including

Domestic Violence Against Women Free Essays

Domestic abuse against women In her news article, the spokesperson for amnesty international describes domestic violence as a worldwide phenomenon that violates the human rights of female victims (Mite, 2005). In addition, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) described violence against women as â€Å"a global epidemic that kills, tortures, and maims – physically, psychologically, sexually and economically. It is one of the most pervasive of human rights violations, denying women and girls equality, security, dignity, self-worth, and their right to enjoy fundamental freedoms† (UNICEF, 2000). We will write a custom essay sample on Domestic Violence Against Women or any similar topic only for you Order Now I agree with the above assertions because violence against women is so rampant and it happens in all spheres of life, be it in homes, work places, on the streets, learning institutions, and during moments of war and peace alike. Because of the pervasiveness of domestic violence against women and its devastating physical and psychological effects, my paper will be focusing on domestic violence against women in Canada. I believe that domestic abuse against women should be eradicated in this twenty-first century because it breeds psychic disempowerment, mental distress, and affects women’s health, wellness and self esteem. The question that this paper will address is the following: what resources should be made available to support female victims of domestic violence who are currently living with an abusive partner, or have recently left an abusive relationship? The paper will begin with a definition of domestic violence, followed by a discussion of resources and the nursing role. According to Etter and Birzer (2007), domestic violence occurs when a partner or former partner inflicts physical harm on someone with whom they have or previously had an intimate relationship. This physical harm can result in major or minor injury, and can be inflicted with or without a weapon. Researchers have identified supportive counseling as beneficial to female victims of domestic violence (Madoc-Jones Roscoe, 2010; McNamara, Tamanini, Pelletier-Walker, 2008). The emotional support that counseling offers can help female victims of domestic violence identify trengths and assets that they may not have been aware they possessed because their partners’ criticisms may have left them feeling worthless and feeling incapable of taking action to alter their circumstances. Working with a counselor would enable the women to develop a healthy self-image, become aware of their resilience and personal strength, and they may begin to see themselves as survivors of domestic violence as opposed to victims. By becoming aware of their strengths, women may begin to feel empowered and capable of mobilizing their personal resources to take steps towards leaving the abusive relationship. Counseling can also provide female victims of domestic violence with an opportunity to reduce their feelings of self-blame for the abuse they receive when they are made aware of the prevalence of domestic violence and the factors that contribute to it, such as patriarchal social structures, income differentials between men and women, and cultural norms that condone the use of physical aggression against women. This knowledge would help reduce their feelings of isolation and blame because they would understand that they are not alone in their experience of domestic violence. Because of the economic dependency of women on their abusers (Sanders, Weaver, Schnabel, 2007), the social structure has placed women on the receiving end by keeping them down economically through lower wages and less opportunities for employment (Sanders, Weaver, Schnabel, 2007). As a result, it can be argued that belonging to a low income group and economic dependence, among other factors, may be linked to higher rates of spousal assault against women. Many low income female victims of domestic violence are at a high risk of developing psychological problems such as depression, stress, and low self esteem (Hare, 2010). They are also emotionally attached to the abuser to the extent that they cannot leave a relationship for fear of being left alone in a wretched economic situation (Hare, 2010). As a result, some may be worried about child support and financial assistance, and others may be afraid of the threats of retaliation and abduction of children by the abuser. Given that economic dependence is significant in domestic abuse, there is a need for victims to create their own economic independence. In this way, women would no longer look at men as the sole bread winners of the family or providers of childcare and financial ssistance, and they would be able to support themselves financially if they were to leave their abusive partners. To implement the above, the government needs to provide access to job training and education geared towards female victims of domestic violence. This could serve as a fundamental tool that dismantles a vicious cycle of oppression, abuse and poverty of women. Given that the nursing profession plays an important role in public health, nurses can use their skills to advocate on behalf of the abused by creating awareness about the impact of domestic violence against women. Advocacy could also involve referrals to resources for women, such as counseling services and shelters for women leaving abusive partners, as well as providing victims with information about how to protect themselves against abuse, helping them develop a safety plan, and helping to reduce their feelings of self-blame and shame by highlighting the pervasiveness of domestic violence. This paper identified some of the resources that would provide support and assistance to female victims of domestic violence, such as economic support and counseling. The importance of economic support cannot be overlooked because financial independence can lead to improvements in psychological health and well-being, and creates the material means through which these women can escape from an abusive relationship. In addition, counseling can reduce women’s isolation, self-blame, and help them identify their assets and personal resources, which can boost their self-confidence and provide them with the strength to leave the abuser. How to cite Domestic Violence Against Women, Essay examples

Empiricism Essay Example For Students

Empiricism Essay For a Genuine empiricist the phrase God Exists is meaninglessTo come to a proper understanding of the question, a few key concepts must first be established.What is meant by the term Empiricism? To an empiricist, the occurrence of consciousness is simply the product of experience.It is assumed that all human knowledge is acquired from experience and observation alone. It is believed that we are born with an empty slate; it is through sense perception that our knowledge begins to form and shape our mind. Empiricism is against the idea of spontaneous or a priori thought (knowledge that is independent of all particular experience). They believe in a posteriori knowledge, which is derives from experience alone. The belief opposing Empiricism is that of Rationalism. In this philosophy, reason is used to obtain knowledge. One can be born with innate ideas.What is meant by the term God?There is not one simple definition that can describe God. Different cultures have different conceptions of deity. One can be monotheistic, duo theistic, polytheistic or believe in the trinity. Others believe it merely a force or the world itself. For our purpose we will use a definition given from the Encarta world English Dictionary. GOD, Supreme Being: the being believed in monotheistic religions such as Judaism, Islam, and Christianity to be the all-powerful all-knowing creator of the universe, worshiped as the only God. The word exist must also be defined. For the statement God exists, we must understand what it is to exist. Existence is to have real being whether material or spiritual. IT is the state or fact of being, entity.Now that a proper explanation is given of the terms for the argument Why a genuine empiricist cannot believe in a supreme being, can take its form. God is considered to be an innate idea by many religious on goers.God cannot be completely comprehended. This is one of the greatest unknowns that faces mankind. If he cannot be perceived and no concept of him is p resent at birth then it would be extremely difficult to obtain knowledge of him. It is empiricism itself that criticizes the belief in miracles and visions. God cannot be perceived under normal circumstances. With a few exceptions he is inconceivable. For a true empiricist the existence of God does not coincide with their own teachings.Experience is everything to empiricists. The main criticism that empiricist hold against rationalist is the their belief of innate ideas. To assume that some thoughts could come directly from the mind rather than being acquired by experience is thought to be obscure.An innate idea is a belief or idea present at birth in the soul of an individual. With no actual experience. Ideas that are thought to be of an innate nature are those of substance, infinity, and God.There is no adequate empirical explanation for the origin of these ideas and they cannot be explained by observation or experience. If God is a priori (innate idea), then for an empiricist to believe in a Supreme Being it would be going against ones own teachings.David Hume (1711-1776), a radical Empiricist in his time, could give no rational explanation regarding these concepts. Nothing can ever be present to the mind but an image or perception.Hume held the belief in only a moral existence. He did not try to argue the existence of a God, although he did not try to prove Gods existence.If the idea of God is not present at birth, then where might it have been obtained? There are countries worldwide that believe in some form of Deity. For such a universal belief, there must be some origin or cause. The idea of this God must have been present at birth as a priori or must have in some way been experienced, a posteriori. Going back to one of the basic arguments brought forth by empiricism that is for one to believe, one must use observation to form knowledge.God is beyond the power of human conception. Let alone observation.How can one observe God? It is not possible to perc eive him.If it is impossible to experience a Supreme Being how than can one be thought to be true? For an empiricist, the conception of God is not innate and there is no way that he could be perceived.God cannot be traced back to sense data (something that is perceived by one of the senses and then deciphered by the mind).God is an unknowable force. God by definition has absolute greatness. The power that is held is exceptionally greater than any human being. If God exists, then his power would be infallible and infinite.We as humans do not hold the capacity to understand the concept of infinity. IF we are unable to assimilate this notion than we are unable to completely understand God.The idea of infinity is unanswerable according to Empiricists. There is no probable explanation. It was George Berkeleys (1685-1753) concept of God that was found to be quite contradictory to his work. His main claim was esse is percipi (or to be is to be perceived).The major predicament with this cla im is that he believed that one must me perceived to exist, and God by definition cannot be perceived. That would ultimately lead to the conclusion that according to his definition God does not exist.According to empiricists, the foundation of knowledge is not from reason but from observation. For an empiricist to believe in a superior being, this superior being would in some aspect, namely sense data, have to be experienced. IT is recognize by all that God cannot be perceived. God is a belief. For something to be a truly religious belief, it has to be just that. A belief, something that is not knowledge (SREN KIERKEGAARD 1813-1855).Religion is itself a belief. It is based upon faith. The statement God exists could as easily be wrong, as it is right. There is no method in which this could be proven to be false or truthful.The notion of god could never have been comprehended had it not been previously present. Mysticism is one valid explanation that an empiricist could use to give a valid claim on God. It is common to hear of occurrences where God has in some way been witnessed. There have been individuals that have claimed to have extraordinary personal experiences.Visions and miracles are both ways in which in some opinions God existence has been proved through the senses. Therefore making it an empirical experience.If an individual has had a direct encounter with a higher being then the empiricists belief in God would be validated. The possibility that there are other forms that an empiricist may experience God would also be applicable.Visions and miracles are phenomenons that can be experienced by an individual or by a group of people. They possess the capacity to alter previous dogmas that one may hold regarding the existence of a greater being.IT is difficult to trust visions, because they could be classified as hallucinations or a dream. There is no sound evidence that a vision has occurred. It is the seer that has actual proof. It is once again David Hu me who criticizes the belief in miracles. A miracle is a violation of the laws of nature. So, There must, therefore, be a uniform experience against every miraculous event. He also stated nothing is esteemed a miracle if it ever happened in the common course of nature. Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) made a similar statement regarding the same issue. In the affairs of life, therefore, it is impossible for us to count on miracles or to take them into consideration at all in our use of reason (and reason must be used in every incident of life). It was by the opposition to natural law that miracles where denied. Experiencing God was made virtually impossible. IF miracles are not sound, and visions could be easily confused with hallucinations, there is no way that a knowledge of God can possible be obtained. Babbitt by Lewis Sinclair EssayBibliography: